Q. Mahatma Gandhi and Subhash Chandra Bose differed widely in their ways and methods and in their political and economic ideologies. Discuss. (250 words)

Q. Explain the term moral intuition and differentiate between intuition and reasoning with suitable examples. (150 Words)

Q. “India’s cities are the drivers of economic growth with significant production and consumption, however, this sunrise story is threatened by unsustainable urban development in the era of climate change”. Comment. (250 Words)

Q. How do you analyse the perceived trade-off between poverty reduction and environmental sustainability? (150 words)

Q. “Deficiencies in the present system of appointment of Election Commissioners needs to be removed and adequate safeguards must be put into place to ensure that ethical and capable people head the concerned positions”. Comment. (250 Words)

Q. The Indian constitution creates a ‘Functional overlap’ between the legislature, executive and judiciary. Explain. (250 Words)

Q. Discuss the need for a comprehensive space strategy that India shall adopt to become one of the major space powers. (250 Words)

Q. Despite India being one of the countries of Gondwanaland, its mining industry contributes much less to its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in percentage. Discuss. (150 words)

Q. Examine the uniqueness of tribal knowledge systems when compared with mainstream knowledge and cultural systems. (150 words)

Essay Topic

1. A man is great by deeds, not by birth.

2. Life loses half its interest if there is no struggle- if there are no risks to be taken.

Q. Enumerate the major threats to wetlands in India? How can “wise use approach” help in mitigating these threats? (150 words)

Q. The policies that we adopt, and their effective implementation will ensure that the demographic dividend, a time-limited opportunity, becomes a boon for India”. Discuss. (250 Words)

Q. Is conscience a more reliable guide to ethical decision making as compared to laws, rules, and regulations? Justify your arguments with suitable examples. (150 Words)

Q. “Advancing human development is impossible if we continue to create planetary pressures for others”. In the context of Planetary pressures-adjusted Human Development Index (PHDI), Analyse the statement. (250 Words)

Q. Air pollution is a transboundary problem, it transcends rural and urban boundaries. But the issue of air pollution in rural India is rarely discussed and action plans are rigid. Analyse. (150 words)

Q. “Although increasing the legal age for marriage of women is a progressive step in achieving gender equality, it is more important to focus on the effective implementation of the existing policy frameworks and laws”. Discuss.

Q. How did the doctrine of the basic structure of the Constitution emerge and evolve in India? (150 Words)

Q. Mindless human development has only exacerbated negative impacts on ecologically vulnerable regions of the Western Ghats. In the light of the statement discuss the measures needed to conserve the fragile ecosystem. (250 Words)

Q. What are the environmental implications of the reclamation of the water bodies into urban land use? Explain with examples. (250 Words)

Q. Mention the global occurrence of volcanic eruptions in 2021 and their impact on the regional environment. (250 Words)

Essay Topic

1. Dreams transform into thoughts and thoughts result in action.

2. Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy.

Case Study

Siddhant and his family were very excited about his marriage ceremony, as after a very long time a marriage was taking place in their family. But as soon as Siddhant reached marriage venue, he saw that the band arranged by the bride’s side had many child laborers who were involved with the band. Excited Siddhant suddenly turned into a conflicted Siddhartha, as being a labor commissioner it was his duty to stop such violation of law. He pondered over it, and thought of many options like arranging a new band immediately, giving notice to the band owner for engaging in such conduct and filing a case against them. But, Siddhant ultimately proceeded with the wedding thinking that it will ruin the most important day in his life.

(a) Was Siddhant right in his conduct?

(b) If you would have been in place of Siddhant, amongst the options pondered by him what would have been your course of action? (250 Words)

Q. Discuss India's contribution towards net zero carbon emissions and what more India can do to achieve its goals of net-zero by 2070. (250 Words)

Q. Family is not just a social institution for serving our daily wants but it is also the first school of citizenship. Explain. (150 Words)

Q. About one-fifth of India’s total population will be aged (60+) by 2050. In this context, discuss how the elderly can be transformed into active participants in the Indian economy.

Q. Climate change is a threat to the future of our planet, but there is still time for us to ‘adapt’ to it and ‘mitigate’ its effects. Bring out the differences between the two strategies for Climate Change solution. (250 words)

Q. Discuss the issues faced by the female entrepreneurs in male-dominated businesses. (150 Words)

Q. The Right to Information (RTI) Act is path-breaking legislation which signals the march from the darkness of secrecy to the dawn of transparency. Comment. (250 words)

Q. Explain the interconnection between the climate crisis and rising food insecurity and suggest the measures to deal with these issues simultaneously. (250 Words)

Q. Assess the main administrative issues and socio-cultural problems in the integration process of Indian Princely States. (150 words)