State PCS

• 15 Jun 2022

Sessions Court cannot Quash Magistrate's Summon Order: HC

Why in News?

• Recently, the Allahabad High Court, while hearing a review petition, said that the sessions court cannot quash the cognizance and summons order passed by the magistrate in exercise of the revisionary power.

Key Points

• A bench of Justice Shamim Ahmed passed the order while hearing a review petition filed by Prabhakar Pandey.
• The High Court said that the revision jurisdiction of the Sessions Court is very limited. If the Sessions Court finds any irregularity or error in jurisdiction while acting as a Review Court, instead of quashing the proceedings, it has the power to issue directions only by pointing out the error in the magistrate's order.
• An FIR was lodged by the complainant under sections 147, 504, 506, 427, 448, 379 of the IPC against the opposing party. The investigating officer in the case submitted a report. The magistrate then, after considering the protest petition and going through the case records, summoned the accused under Section 379 CrPC.
• The order was challenged before the District and Sessions Judge, Kannauj. The sessions court accepted the final report submitted by the investigating officer and set aside the summons order of the magistrate. Hence, Chichi filed a review petition in the High Court challenging the order of the District and Sessions Judge, Kannauj.
• The high court said that after the filing of the charge sheet, the magistrate will have four modalities and he can adopt any one of them for further action. The court has also mentioned those methods in the order. At the same time, he said that the order of the sessions court in the case was entirely based on the plea of the accused, therefore, it is not legally correct to quash the summon order of the magistrate.

Nano Silica Discovered from Bio Source for the First Time in the Country

Why in News?

• Nano silica has recently been discovered in the ashes of sugarcane khoi by the National Sugar Institute (NSI). The technology to extract it from the ash has also been developed by NSI, which is now being patented.

Key Points

• NSI Director Prof Narendra Mohan said that the discovery of nano silica particles and the development of its technology was done by Senior Research Fellow Dr. Shalini Kumari has done it. It took two years to develop this technology.
• Until now nano silica was obtained from various mineral sources, but it has been discovered for the first time in the country from a bio source.
• Prof Narendra Mohan said that the process of patenting the technology has been initiated. The technology will also be presented at the Conference of the Indian Chinese Technology Association on July 28-29 in Goa.
• Senior Research Fellow Dr. Shalini Kumari gave information about the steps of acid, alkali and heat treatment in this process. Nano silica technology was also tested from IIT Delhi. The product was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and Fourier transform infra-red technique.
• The price of nano silica which is being received from mineral source is 700 to 1000 rupees per kg, but the price of nano silica found from bagasse ash will be 100 rupees per kg.
• Sugarcane bagasse is used as fuel for sugar mill boilers. The ash emanating from it was till now only used to bridge the pit. It is also considered a cause of pollution. At the same time, the cost of sugar mills increases in its disposal, but the nano silica particles released from it are also useful for absorbing pollution.
• It is worth mentioning that 50 lakh tonnes of bagasse is obtained from sugar mills in the country, which on burning gives 1.5 million tonnes of ash. About three lakh tonnes of silica nanoparticles can be obtained from this ash. One kilo of bagasse ash gives 20% nano silica particles.
• Nano silica particles are used in pharmaceutical industry, paint and battery industry, lithium iron batteries, nano fertilizers etc.

Charcoal Painting Art Exhibition

Why in News?

• On June 14, 2022, Rajasthan Governor Kalraj Mishra inaugurated the 'Charcoal Painting Art Exhibition' organized by the West Zone Cultural Centre at Raj Bhavan.

Key Points

• The Governor, while observing the paintings of The Nakki Lake of Mount Abu carved from charcoal, the natural beauty of Guru Shikhar, the forts, palaces as well as portraits, waterfalls, etc., in the exhibition, described them as beautiful artifacts.
• Kiran Soni Gupta, Director, West Zone Cultural Center said that in the Charcoal Painting Camp organized by the Center in Mount Abu last days, beautiful paintings from charcoal were created on canvas by 24 artists. These paintings will be displayed in the 'Charcoal Painting Art Exhibition' organized at Raj Bhavan.
• Apart from this, the Governor inaugurated the three-day 'Bhakti Utsav' organized by the West Zone Cultural Centre, Udaipur by lighting a lamp.
• The 'Bhakti Utsav' will feature soulful performances by artists of Kabir Vani, Bhajans and Sufi music, filled with devotional juice.

Unusual Titanosaurid Dinosaur egg found in Madhya Pradesh

Why in News?

• Recently, for the first time in the Bagh area of Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh, a team of Indian researchers has discovered egg-in-egg or unusual Titanosaurid dinosaur egg.

Key Points

• This finding was published in the latest issue of nature group journal-Scientific Reports. The study is titled 'First ovum-in-ovo pathological Titanosaurid egg throws light on the reproductive biology of sauropod dinosaurs'.
• Researchers recently documented a large number of Titanosaurid Sauropod nests near the village of Padalia, near the town of Bagh. Studying these nests, researchers have discovered the nest of a Sauropod dinosaur containing 10 eggs, including an unusual dinosaur egg.
• The abnormal egg has two continuous and spherical egg shell layers, separated by a wide gap, reminiscent of the deformity of the ovum-in-ovo (an egg inside the other egg) birds.
• Pathological eggs in the same nest and the microscopic structure of adjacent eggs identify it with Titanosaurid Sauropod dinosaurs.
• This is the first egg-in-egg unusual fossil egg discovery in India. Never before has India found an unusual fossil egg of eggs-in-eggs of other reptiles, including dinosaurs, lizards, turtles and crocodiles.
• The pathological egg was discovered during PhD fieldwork by the lead author Dr. Harsh Dhiman (Department of Geology, University of Delhi) in this area. Apart from Dhiman, the team includes Vishal Verma (Higher Secondary School, Bakner, Dhar District) and corresponding author Prof. Guntupalli VR Prasad (Department of Geology, University of Delhi).
• Dr. Harsh Dhiman said the discovery of ovum-in-oovo eggs from the Titanosaurid nest opens up the possibility that the Sauropod dinosaurs had a ovulatory morphology similar to crocodiles or birds and could adapt to a way of egg-laying characteristic of birds.
• Prof. Guntupalli v. R. Prasad said the discovery brings out important information about whether dinosaurs had the same reproductive biology as turtles and lizards or their nearest crocodiles and birds.
• It was previously suggested that the reproductive function of dinosaurs, in contrast to the fragmented reproductive tract of crocodiles and birds, is similar to that of turtles and other reptiles (unbroken oviduct- unsegmented oviduct).
• Crocodiles however ovulate and release all eggs together, like turtles and other reptiles, in contrast to the sequential ovulation of birds, which lay one egg at a time.
• The new discovery suggests that there is a lot of potential for dinosaur fossils in central and western India, which can provide important information on the diversity of dinosaur species and the behavior and reproductive biology of their nests.

Chief Minister Announces Setting up of Haryana Sports Academy

Why in News?

• On June 13, 2022, Haryana Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar announced the setting up of a Haryana Sports Academy to train sportspersons coming from all over the country at the closing ceremony of the fourth edition of the Khelo India Youth Games, 2021 in Panchkula.

Key Points

• The Chief Minister said that in order to provide state-of-the-art sports facilities, a hostel with the facility of stay of 200 sportspersons will be opened in Panchkula. Through this, the players will be provided with facilities of international standard and they will also be trained to become skilled in the game.
• The Chief Minister also announced doubling of the prize money being given to medal winning sportspersons from Haryana for their outstanding performance at the Khelo India Youth Games, 2021 .
• A sum of Rs 1 lakh will be given to the gold medal winner, Rs 60,000 to the silver medalist and Rs 40,000 to the bronze medalist, while earlier the amount was fixed at Rs 50,000, Rs 30,000 and Rs 20,000 for the gold, silver and bronze medal winners respectively.
• Apart from this, he also announced to give Rs.5000 as incentive to the sportspersons from Haryana participating in the Games.
• Khattar said the state government has created the infrastructure of the game at the ground level. A sports calendar has also been prepared for organizing various sports competitions throughout the year in the state.
• 1100 sports nurseries are being opened in the state to develop sports culture among children. This will benefit about 25,000 budding players from the state.

Haryana to Boost Tourism Business Through Adventure Sports

Why in News?

• On June 14, 2022, Haryana Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar said that the tourism business will be boosted through adventure sports in the state.

Key Points

• Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar said this after flagging off a mountaineering team of school students organized by the school education department and adventure club in Chandigarh .
• He said whatever infrastructure is required to take the adventure forward on the lines of regular sports in the state, it will be provided so that every youth can participate in the adventure.
• To promote adventure activities in Haryana, Sardar Milkha Singh Club has been set up at Morni, which is leading to a number of activities being carried out in the region. Apart from this, trekking routes are also being explored in Aravali Hills for the youth, so that the adventure structure can be extended in south Haryana also. More than one thousand youth will be made eligible by giving adventure training.

Domestic Flights to Start from Deoghar International Airport

Why in News?

• On June 14, 2022, Deoghar Airport Director Sandeep Dhingra informed that domestic flights will start from the newly built Deoghar International Airport before the world-famous Shravani Mela, which will start from July 15.

Key Points

• The airport will be inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on July 12. It is worth mentioning that the online foundation stone of this airport was laid by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on May 25, 2018 .
• It is the first international airport in Jharkhand, but in the first phase, domestic flight services will be started from here. Deoghar will be the first airport in the state from where direct flight services can be started for foreign countries in the future.
• At present, regular domestic flight services are being operated from Birsa Munda Airport in Ranchi only in the entire state .
• The DGCA (Director General of Civil Aviation) had issued a licence to Deoghar airport for domestic flights on April 11, 2022. After this, on June 8, IndiGo's air bus-320 took off from this airport as a trial run.
• Deoghar Airport Director Sandeep Dhingra said that regular flight services to Delhi, Mumbai, Bengaluru and Ranchi will start before here. For this, IndiGo and SpiceJet have given approval on their behalf. Other airlines, including Air Asia, have also expressed their willingness to offer their services from Deoghar airport.
• The airport has been constructed at a cost of about Rs 400 crore, of which 50 percent is contributed by DRDO. A replica of the world famous Baba Vaidyanath temple has been built on the airport building. On it, the Panchshul has been made from brass, which is visible from a distance. Similar is the case with the Panchshul Baba Vaidyanath temple.
• A huge Shravani fair is organized every year in Deoghar for a month in Sawan, in which about 1 to 1.5 lakh devotees reach daily from Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh as well as from different parts of the country. Devotees coming from outside will get a lot of convenience due to the start of flight services from here before the fair.
• Federation of Jharkhand Chamber of Commerce and Industries President Dhiraj Taneja said that the commencement of services from Deoghar airport will also expand the possibilities of trade and industry.

Chhattisgarh's Big Achievement in the Khelo India Youth Games

Why in News?

• In the Khelo India Youth Games held at Panchkula, Haryana on June 13, 2022, the sportspersons from Chhattisgarh excelled in their sporting talent to bag a total of 11 medals including 2 gold medals, 3 silver medals and 6 bronze medals.

Key Points

• It is worth mentioning that 122 players from 13 sports from the state of Chhattisgarh participated in the Khelo India Youth Games held at Panchkula in Haryana.
• Chhattisgarh bags its first gold medal in weightlifting at the Khelo India Youth Games. Among them, Dnyaneshwari Yadav has lifted 164 kg to break her old record and clinch the gold medal. In this event, Raja Bharati of Chhattisgarh has won the bronze medal by lifting a total weight of 211 kg.
• Similarly, in Malkhamb, Sarita Poyam got 1 gold and one bronze medal, Monu Netam got 2 silver medals and girls and boys team got 1 bronze each.
• Apart from this, Ranveer (individual) got 1 silver medal in Gatka and Gatka Dal of Chhattisgarh state got 1 bronze medal and in Kalaripayattu, Sadhika Dubey brought laurels to Chhattisgarh by winning 1 bronze medal.