State PCS - Rajasthan (RAS)

• 02 Apr 2025

Judges Appointed in Rajasthan High Court

Why in News? 

Four new judges were appointed in the Rajasthan High Court , taking the number of judges in the court to 38.  

Key Points 

• About the Judges: 
  • Chief Justice Manindra Mohan Shrivastava administered the oath to the Judges at a formal ceremony held in the court. 
  • The new judges include Anand Sharma from Jaipur and Sunil Beniwal, Mukesh Rajpurohit and Sandeep Shah from Jodhpur. 
• Appointment of Judges of the High Court: 
  • Article 217 of the Constitution: It says that the Judge of the High Court shall be appointed by the President in consultation with the Chief Justice of India (CJI), the Governor of the State . 
    • In the case of appointment of a Judge other than the Chief Justice, the Chief Justice of the High Court is consulted. 
  • Consultation process: High Court judges are recommended by a collegium consisting of the CJI and two senior-most judges. 
    • The proposal is made by the Chief Justice of the High Court concerned in consultation with two senior-most colleagues. 
    • The recommendation is sent to the Chief Minister, who advises the Union Law Minister to send the proposal to the Governor. 
    • The Chief Justice of the High Court is appointed on the basis of the policy that the Chief Justice of a State will be from outside the concerned State. 

Rajasthan High Court 

• The Rajasthan High Court is located in Jodhpur and was established on 29 August 1949 under  the Rajasthan High Court Ordinance, 1949 . 
• At present the sanctioned strength of judges in this court is 50, while the number of serving judges till March 2025 is 38. 
• Before the unification of Rajasthan, five different High Courts were functioning in different units of the state. The Rajasthan High Court Ordinance, 1949 abolished these different courts and provided for a single High Court for the entire state. 
• Initially the Rajasthan High Court was headquartered in Jaipur and was inaugurated by Rajpramukh Maharaja Sawai Man Singh on 29 August 1949.  
• Later, after the complete integration of Rajasthan in 1956 , it was shifted to Jodhpur on the recommendation of the Satyanarayan Rao Committee . 
• The first Chief Justice of Rajasthan High Court was Kamla Kant Varma . 

Rajasthan's First International AI Robotics Institute

Why in News? 

On 1 April 2025, a dedicated Institute of Artificial Intelligence , Robotics, and Cybernetics was inaugurated  at NIMS University, Jaipur . 

Key Points 

• About the Institute: 
  • This institute is an important part of the agreement between the Government of Rajasthan and NIMS University under the ' Rising Rajasthan' initiative. 
• Objective :  
  • Its main objective is to make Rajasthan a global hub of  digital innovation and artificial intelligence (AI) . 
  • The institute will have 15 state-of-the-art laboratories, equipped with over 500 high-performance computers. 
• Moreover, the Institute has been recognised as  the Indo-Pacific European Hub for Digital Partnership (INPACE) , which will promote digital cooperation between India and Europe. 
• The institute will promote cutting-edge research and development in the fields of AI, robotics and cybersecurity in collaboration with the European Union (EU) and other global organisations. 

Artificial Intelligence  

• Introduction: 
  • AI refers to the ability of computers or computer-controlled robots to perform tasks that are normally performed by humans because such tasks require human intelligence and judgment. 
  • Although there are currently no AI systems that can perform a wide variety of tasks that a normal human can perform, some AI may be able to perform certain specific tasks that humans perform. 
• Features and components: 
  • Deep learning (DL) technology enables automatic learning through large amounts of unstructured data such as text, images, or videos . 
  • The ideal characteristic of artificial intelligence is its ability to take rational actions that achieve a specific goal. Machine learning (ML) is a type of AI. 

European Union  

• Establishment: It was founded by six countries (Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands) in 1951 after the Second World War (1939-45). 
• Current member countries: Currently it comprises 27 countries (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden). 
  • Britain joined the European Union in 1973 and left it in the year 2020 ( Brexit ). 
• Demographics: In the European Union, Germany has the largest population and France is the largest by area while the smallest country is Malta. 
• Open borders: The Schengen Area allows free movement of most EU members,  except for Cyprus and Ireland . 
  • Four non-EU countries (Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and Liechtenstein) are also part of Schengen. 
• Single market : free movement of goods, services, capital and people within the EU. 
• Climate Goals: It has set a target of being climate-neutral by 2050 and reducing emissions by 55% by 2030.