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Uttarakhand

Impact of Landslides in Uttarakhand

  • 28 Sep 2024
  • 2 min read

Why in News?

The Badrinath National Highway (NH-7) in Chamoli district has been repeatedly blocked due to heavy rainfall, causing landslides and debris accumulation.

Key Points

  • The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has predicted more isolated heavy rainfall in Uttarakhand which could potentially cause further disruptions.
  • Landslide:
    • A landslide is a geological phenomenon involving the downward movement of a mass of rock, soil, and debris on a slope.
    • Landslides can occur on both natural and man-made slopes, and they are often triggered by a combination of factors such as heavy rainfall, earthquakes, volcanic activity, human activities (such as construction or mining), and changes in groundwater levels.
    • Landslides are classified into several types based on their movement characteristics:
      • Slides: These are movements of soil or rock along a rupture surface or a zone of weakness. They can be further divided into rotational slides, where the rupture surface is curved, and translational slides, where the rupture surface is planar.
      • Flows: These are movements of soil or rock that contain a large amount of water, which makes the mass flow like a fluid. They can be further divided into earth flows, debris flows, mudflows, and creep, depending on the material and the rate of movement.
      • Spreads: These are movements of soil or rock that involve lateral extension and cracking of the mass. They are usually caused by liquefaction or plastic deformation of the material.
      • Topples: These are movements of soil or rock that involve forward rotation and free-fall of the mass from a vertical or near-vertical cliff or slope.
      • Falls: These are movements of soil or rock that detach from a steep slope or cliff and descend by free-fall, bouncing, or rolling.
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