Sambhav-2024

• Begin by introducing both the bodies (CoM & Cabinet) and their provisions.
• Discuss the differences between cabinet and CoM.
• Conclude by summarizing the key points.

Introduction

• The Council of Ministers and the Cabinet are two important bodies in the Indian political system. Though the cabinet is a part Council of Ministers, but it differs in composition and functioning. While the Council of Ministers is mentioned under Article 74 of the Constitution, cabinet is not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution.

Body

Differences between Cabinet and Council of Ministers:

Basis for Comparison	Cabinet	Council of Ministers
Meaning	The Cabinet is a smaller body within the Council, comprising the most experienced and influential members formed to discuss and decide government policies	The Council of Ministers is a body that advises the President on various matters and assists the Prime Minister in running the government
Status	Formerly not a constitutional body; obtained constitutional status through 44th amendment Act, 1978	Constitutional Body
Size	Consists of 15-18 ministers	Consists of 40-60 ministers
Division	Subpart of the council	Council of ministers is divided into four categories, including the cabinet
Policy Making	Performed by Cabinet	Not performed by the council
Decisions	Takes policy decisions and supervises implementation	Implements decisions taken by the cabinet
Responsibility	Enforces collective responsibility of the council to the lower chamber	Collectively responsible to the lower house of Parliament
Powers	Exercises powers and acts on behalf of the council	Vested with all powers, but in theory

Conclusion

The Council of Ministers is a broader body encompassing all ministers, while the Cabinet is a more exclusive group with greater decision-making authority. The Cabinet plays a crucial role in shaping and implementing government policies, while the Council of Ministers provides a forum for broader discussions and coordination among ministers.