Important Indian National Congress Sessions
Introduction
- The Indian National Congress was founded at Bombay in December 1885.
- The early leadership – Dadabhai Naoroji, Pherozeshah Mehta, Badruddin Tyabji, W.C. Bonnerji, Surendranath Banerji, Romesh Chandra Dutt, S. Subramania Iyer, among others – was largely from Bombay and Calcutta.
- A retired British official, A.O. Hume, also played a part in bringing Indians from the various regions together.
- Formation of Indian National Congress was an effort in the direction of promoting the process of nation building.
- In an effort to reach all regions, it was decided to rotate the Congress session among different parts of the country.
- The President belonged to a region other than where the Congress session was being held.
Sessions
- First Session: held at Bombay in 1885. President: W.C. Bannerjee
- Formation of Indian National Congress.
- Second Session: held at Calcutta in 1886. President: Dadabhai Naoroji
- Third Session: held at Madras in 1887. President: Syed Badruddin Tyabji, first muslim President.
- Fourth Session: held at Allahabad in 1888. President: George Yule, first English President.
- 1896: Calcutta. President: Rahimtullah Sayani
- National Song ‘Vande Mataram’ sung for the first time by Rabindranath Tagore.
- 1899: Lucknow. President: Romesh Chandra Dutt.
- Demand for permanent fixation of Land revenue
- 1901: Calcutta. President: Dinshaw E.Wacha
- First time Gandhiji appeared on the Congress platform
- 1905: Benaras. President: Gopal Krishan Gokhale
- Formal proclamation of Swadeshi movement against government
- 1906: Calcutta. President: Dadabhai Naoroji
- Adopted four resolutions on: Swaraj (Self Government), Boycott Movement, Swadeshi & National Education
- 1907: Surat. President: Rash Bihari Ghosh
- Split in Congress- Moderates & Extremist
- Adjournment of Session
- 1910: Allahabad. President: Sir William Wedderburn
- M.A Jinnah decried the separate electorate system introduced by act of 1909
- 1911: Calcutta. President: B.N. Dhar
- First time recital of Jan-Gan-Man in Congress session
- 1915: Bombay. President: Sir S.P. Sinha
- Constitution of the Congress was altered to admit the delegates from the extremist section
- 1916: Lucknow. President: A.C. Majumdar
- Unity between two factions-Moderates and Extremists of Congress
- Lucknow Pact signed between Congress and Muslim League to build political consensus
- 1917: Calcutta. President: Annie Besant, First Woman President of Congress
- 1918 (Special session): Bombay. President: Syed Hasan Imam
- The session was convened to deliberate the contentious Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms Scheme
- 1919: Amritsar. President: Motilal Nehru
- Congress extended support to Khilafat Movement
- 1920 (Special Session): Calcutta. President: Lala Lajpat Rai
- Mahatma Gandhi moved the Non cooperation resolution
- 1920: Nagpur. President: C. Vijayaraghavachariar
- Reconstitution of Working committees of Congress on Linguistic basis
- MA Jinnah left the Indian National Congress
- 1922: Gaya. President: C.R. Das
- CR Das and other leaders broke away from INC
- Formation of Swaraj Party
- 1924: Belgaum. President: M.K. Gandhi
- Only Session presided over by Mahatma Gandhi
- 1925: Kanpur. President: Sarojini Naidu, First Indian Woman President
- 1927: Madras. President: Dr. M.A. Ansari
- Passed a resolution against the use of Indian troops in China, Iran and Mesopotamia.
- Passed a resolution against boycott of Simon Commission
- Adoption of resolution on Purna Swaraj
- 1928: Calcutta. President: Motilal Nehru
- Formation of All India Youth Congress
- 1929: Lahore. President: Jawahar Lal Nehru
- Passed the resolution on ‘Poorna Swaraj.’
- Civil Disobedience movement for complete independence to be launched
- 26 January to be observed as ‘Independence Day’.
- 1931: Karachi. President: Vallabhbhai Patel
- Resolutions on Fundamental Rights and National Economic Programme
- Endorsement of Gandhi-Irwin pact
- Gandhi nominated to represent INC in the Second Round Table Conference to be held in London
- 1934: Bombay. President: Rajendra Prasad
- Amendment in the Constitution of Congress
- 1936: Lucknow. President: Jawahar Lal Nehru
- Push towards socialist ideas by Jawahar Lal Nehru
- 1937: Faizpur. President: Jawahar Lal Nehru
- First Session to be held in a village
- 1938: Haripura. President: Subhas Chandra Bose
- National Planning Committee set up under Jawahar Lal Nehru.
- 1939: Tripuri. President: Rajendra Prasad
- Subhas Chandra Bose was re-elected but had to resign
- Rajendra Prasad was appointed in his place
- Subhash Chandra Bose formed Forward Bloc
- 1940: Ramgarh. President: Abul Kalam Azad
- Civil Disobedience movement to be launched at appropriate time and circumstances.
- 1941–45: This Period is marked by events i.e. Quit India movement, RIN Mutiny & INA trials.
- Phase of constitutional negotiations such as Cripps Mission, Wavell Plan and Cabinet Mission.
- On account of these events during this phase no congress session was held.
- 1946: Meerut. President: J.B Kripalani
- Last session before independence
- J.B Kriplani was the president of INC at independence.
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