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Biodiversity & Environment

World Environment Day 2021

  • 05 Jun 2021
  • 4 min read

Why in News

The World Environment Day is observed on the 5th of June annually to encourage awareness and environmental protection.

Key Points

  • World Environment Day:
    • History:
      • The United Nations Assembly established World Environment Day in 1972, which was the first day of the Stockholm Conference on the human environment.
    • Theme for 2021:
      • 'Ecosystem Restoration'.
        • It will kick off the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021-2030) - a global mission to revive billions of hectares, from forests to farmlands, from the top of mountains to the depth of the sea.
      • The theme for this year’s in India is ‘promotion of biofuels for a better environment’.
    • Host Nation:
      • Pakistan will be the global host for 2021.
    • Initiatives Taken by India:
      • E-100 pilot project has been launched in Pune for the production and distribution of ethanol across the country.
      • The government is releasing the E-20 notification that will allow oil companies to sell 20% ethanol blended petrol from 1st April, 2023, and BIS specifications for ethanol blends E12 and E15.

Ecosystem Restoration

  • Ecosystem:
    • It is a community of plants and animals interacting with each other in a given area, and also with their non-living environments. The non-living environments include weather, earth, sun, soil, climate and atmosphere.
    • The ecosystem relates to the way that all these different organisms live in close proximity to each other and how they interact with each other.
  • Ecosystem Restoration:
    • Ecosystem restoration means assisting in the recovery of ecosystems that have been degraded or destroyed, as well as conserving the ecosystems that are still intact.
      • It involves reviving old water bodies, building natural forests, providing space to wildlife and reducing water pollution to restore aquatic life.
    • Healthier ecosystems, with richer biodiversity, yield greater benefits such as more fertile soil, bigger yields of timber and fish, and larger stores of greenhouse gases.
  • Need of Restoration:
    • Ecosystem loss is depriving the world of carbon sinks, like forests and wetlands, at a time when humanity can least afford it.
    • Global greenhouse gas emissions have grown for three consecutive years and the planet is one place for potentially catastrophic climate change.
  • India's Restoration Initiatives:

Source: BS

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