Governance
Renunciation of Indian Citizenship Simplified
- 06 Oct 2021
- 4 min read
Why in News
The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has simplified the process for Indians who want to renounce their citizenship.
- Earlier, the Central Government issued a notification granting powers related to citizenship applications under existing rules to authorities of five states.
Key Points
- About:
- Provisions have been made for applicants to upload documents online, with an upper limit of 60 days for the renunciation process to be completed.
- Over 6.7 lakh Indians renounced their citizenship between 2015-19.
- In 2018, MHA included a column on “circumstances/reasons due to which applicant intends to acquire foreign citizenship and renounce Indian citizenship” (under the Citizenship Rules, 2009).
- Citizenship:
- Constitutional Provisions:
- Citizenship is listed in the Union List under the Constitution and thus is under the exclusive jurisdiction of Parliament.
- The Constitution does not define the term ‘citizen’ but details of various categories of persons who are entitled to citizenship are given in Part 2 (Articles 5 to 11).
- Unlike other provisions of the Constitution, which came into being on 26th January, 1950, these articles were enforced on 26th November, 1949 itself, when the Constitution was adopted.
- Acquisition of Indian Citizenship:
- The Citizenship Act of 1955 prescribes five ways of acquiring citizenship, viz, birth, descent, registration, naturalisation and incorporation of territory.
- Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019:
- The Act amended the law to fast-track citizenship for religious minorities, specifically Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis and Christians, from Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Pakistan who entered India prior to 2015.
- The requirement for them to stay in India for at least 11 years before applying for Indian citizenship has been reduced to five years (by naturalisation).
- Constitutional Provisions:
- Ways to Renounce Citizenship in India:
- Voluntary Renunciation:
- If an Indian citizen wishes, who is of full age and capacity, he can relinquish citizenship of India by his will.
- When a person relinquishes his citizenship, every minor child of that person also loses Indian citizenship. However, when such a child attains the age of 18, he may resume Indian citizenship.
- By Termination:
- The Constitution of India provides single citizenship. It means an Indian person can only be a citizen of one country at a time.
- If a person takes the citizenship of another country, then his Indian citizenship ends automatically. However, this provision does not apply when India is busy in war.
- Deprivation by Government:
- The Government of India may terminate the citizenship of an Indian citizen if;
- The citizen has disrespected the Constitution.
- Has obtained citizenship by fraud.
The citizen has unlawfully traded or communicated with the enemy during a war. - Within 5 years of registration or naturalisation, a citizen has been sentenced to 2 years of imprisonment in any country.
- The citizen has been living outside India for 7 years continuously.
- The Government of India may terminate the citizenship of an Indian citizen if;
- Voluntary Renunciation: