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Investment Incentive Agreement (IIA)

  • 24 May 2022
  • 7 min read

For Prelims: Investment Incentive Agreement (IIA), OPIC, Indian Ocean Region, QUAD, Malabar exercise, BECA, GSOMIA, COMCASA, ISRO, NASA

For Mains: Bilateral Groupings & Agreements, India US Relations

Why in News?

Recently, India and the United States signed an Investment Incentive Agreement (IIA) at Tokyo, Japan.

What is an Investment Incentive Agreement (IIA)?

  • About:
    • This IIA supersedes the Investment Incentive Agreement signed between both the countries in the year 1997.
    • There have been significant developments since the earlier IIA was signed in 1997, such as the founding of a new organization called Development Finance Corporation (DFC).
      • DFC as a successor agency of the erstwhile Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) after the enactment of a recent legislation of USA, the BUILD Act 2018.
  • Purpose:
    • To keep pace with the additional investment support programmes, offered by the DFC, such as debt, equity investment, investment guaranty, investment insurance or reinsurance, feasibility studies for potential projects and grants.
    • The Agreement is the legal requirement for DFC, to continue providing investment support in India.
    • It is expected that signing of IIA would lead to enhanced Investment support provided by DFC in India, which shall further help in India’s development.

What is the Status of DFC in India?

  • DFC or their predecessor agencies have been active in India since 1974 and have so far provided investment support worth USD 5.8 billion of which USD 2.9 billion is still outstanding.
  • Proposals worth USD 4 billion are under consideration by DFC for providing investment support in India.
  • DFC has provided investment support in sectors that matter for development such as Covid-19 vaccine manufacturing, healthcare financing, renewable energy, Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) financing, financial inclusion, infrastructure etc.

What is the current Status of India-US Relations?

Way Forward

  • India is emerging as a leading player in an international system that is undergoing an unprecedented transformation. It shall use its present situation to explore opportunities to further its vital interests.
  • India and the US are strategic partners today in the true sense of the term - a partnership among mature major powers that is not seeking a complete convergence but managing differences by ensuring a continuous dialogue and channeling these differences into crafting new opportunities.

Source: TH

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