HAKUTO-R Moon Mission: Japan

• 12 Dec 2022

Why in News?

Recently, a Japanese space startup ispace Inc has launched its own private lander M1 to the Moon under its HAKUTO-R mission, from the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket.

• It is Japan's first-ever lunar mission and the first of its kind by a private company.

What are the Key Points of the Mission?

• About:
  • The name HAKUTO-R refers to the white rabbit that Japanese folklore suggests lives on the Moon.
  • The M1 lander will deploy two robotic rovers, two-wheeled, orange-sized devices from Japan’s JAXA space agency and a four-wheeled Rover made by the UAE known as the Explorer Rashid, after the Dubai royal family patriarch.
    • If the rover Rashid lands successfully, it will be the Arab world's first Moon mission.
    • So far only the Us, Russia and China have managed to put a robot on the lunar surface.
  • It will also be carrying an experimental solid-state battery made by NGK Spark Plug Co, a Japanese-based spark plug company
• Features:
  • It is designed in such a way that it will use minimal fuel to save money and leave more room for cargo.
  • It is taking a slow, low-energy path to the Moon, flying 1.6 million km (one million miles) from Earth before looping back and making a planned landing by the end of April.
• Objective:
  • It is aimed to search for water deposits before touching down in the Atlas Crater, which lies in the northeastern section of the Moon’s near side and measures more than 87km (54 miles) across and just over 2km (1.2 miles) deep.
  • Mission success would also represent a milestone in space cooperation between Japan and the US at a time when China is becoming increasingly competitive and rides on Russian rockets are no longer available in the wake of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
  • Japan has a contract with NASA to ferry payloads to the Moon from 2025 and is aiming to build a permanently staffed lunar colony by 2040.

What are other Lunar Missions?

• Indian:
  • Chandrayaan 1
  • Chandrayaan-2
  • Chandrayaan-3
• Other Countries:
  • UAE's Moon Mission
  • NASA’s Artemis Mission (USA)
  • Lunar Evacuation System Assembly (USA)
  • Chang'e-5 Mission (China)

UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Questions (PYQs)

Q. Selene-1, the lunar orbiter mission belongs to which one of the following? (2008)

(a) China 
(b) European Union 
(c) Japan
(d) USA

Ans: (c)

Source: ET