CSIR-IICT’s Breakthrough in Clean Energy | 04 Feb 2025

Source: TH 

Researchers at the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT) have produced biohydrogen (bioH₂) from food waste. 

• BioH₂ Production: Food waste undergoes microbial fermentation in an upflow reactor with a self-regulating buffering system, optimizing bioH₂ yield and minimizing methane and Carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions compared to traditional biogas methods. 
  • Fermentation is the anaerobic (absence of oxygen) breakdown of compounds by microorganisms (such as bacteria or yeast), releasing energy. 
  • The study addresses both waste management and clean energy needs, supporting net-zero targets. 
• Another study led by the chief scientist at IICT demonstrated an efficient method to convert CO₂ into ethanol and acetic acid, reducing greenhouse gas emissions. 
• CO₂ Conversion: Traditionally, H₂ is needed for CO₂ conversion into products like methane, ethanol, or acetic acid.  
  • The study used high-pressure gas fermentation (HPGF) reactor, eliminating the need for H₂, making the process more sustainable, energy-efficient, and cost-effective, yielding higher ethanol and acetic acid. 
• CSIR-IICT: Established in 1944, CSIR-IICT in Hyderabad is one of the oldest National Laboratories recognized for its expertise in chemical technology, applied research, and commercialization. 

Read more: Biofuels