National Cancer Registry Programme Report 2020 | 19 Aug 2020
Why in News
According to the recently released National Cancer Registry Programme Report 2020, cancer cases in India are likely to increase to 15.6 lakhs by 2025, a 12% increase from the current estimated cases.
- The report has been released by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Bengaluru.
Key Points
- Number of Cases: The number of cases are likely to touch 15.6 lakhs by 2025 from the current 13.9 lakhs in 2020.
- Major Cause: Tobacco-related cancers are estimated to contribute 27.1% of the total cancer burden.
- Regional Distribution: Cancers related to use of any form of tobacco were highest in the northeastern region of the country and in higher proportions in men.
- Gender Prevalence:
- Among women, breast cancers are estimated to contribute 14.8% and cervical cancer (tumour of the cervix, the lowermost part of the uterus) are estimated to contribute 5.4%.
- For both men and women, cancers of the gastrointestinal tract are estimated to contribute 19.7% of the total cancer burden.
- Cancers of the lung, mouth, stomach and oesophagus (the muscular tube that runs from the throat to the stomach) are the most common cancers among men.
- Detection and Spread: Cancers of the lung were diagnosed at a stage of spread to distant sites, while cancers of head and neck, stomach, breast and cervix were in higher proportions with a locoregional (restricted to a localized region of the body) spread.
- Cancer Incidence Rate:
- For the male population, it ranges from 269.4 (Aizawl, Mizoram) to 39.5 (Osmanabad and Beed, Maharashtra) per 1,00,000 population.
- For the female population, it ranges from 219.8 (Papumpare, Arunachal Pradesh) to 49.4 (Osmanabad and Beed, Maharashtra) per 1,00,000 population.
- A significant increase in the incidence rates of breast cancers in women and lung and head and neck cancers in both men and women was observed.
- A declining trend was seen in most of the registries for cancer of the cervix.
Cancer
- Cancer is a generic term for a large group of diseases characterized by the growth of abnormal cells beyond their usual boundaries that can then invade adjoining parts of the body and/or spread to other organs.
- Other common terms used for cancer are malignant tumors and neoplasms.
- Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally.
- World Cancer Day is organized by the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) and celebrated each year on 4th February.
- 2020 theme: ‘I Am and I Will’, which acknowledges that everyone has the capacity to address the cancer burden.
Indian Council of Medical Research
- It is the apex body in India for the formulation, coordination and promotion of biomedical research.
- Mandate: To conduct, coordinate and implement medical research for the benefit of the society, translating medical innovations into products/processes and introducing them into the public health system.
- It is funded by the Government of India through the Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research
- It is one of its kind of unique institution which utilizes information science for health research as its integral component.
- Objective: To sustain and develop a national research data-base on cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke through recent advances in electronic information technology with a national collaborative network.